Necrólise Epidérmica Tóxica (NET): Relato De Caso
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Palavras-chave

NET
Emergência
Dermatologia
Reação Adversa
Manejo Multifacetado

Como Citar

Benetti, P., & Mamprin, G. P. R. (2023). Necrólise Epidérmica Tóxica (NET): Relato De Caso. Journal of Medical Residency Review, 2(1), e040. https://doi.org/10.37497/JMRReview.v2i1.40

Resumo

Introdução: A Necrólise Epidérmica Tóxica (NET) é uma emergência dermatológica caracterizada por necrólise epidérmica generalizada, causando descamação da pele, que se torna susceptível a infecções graves. Apresenta acometimento multissistêmico, com alta morbimortalidade. O manejo da NET é multifacetado, e começa com a identificação e retirada do agente causador. A identificação do agente depende de um histórico clínico completo, visto que os sintomas geralmente se apresentam dentro de oito semanas após o início da terapia medicamentosa. Suspender o fármaco causador é fundamental na evolução da patologia e o sucesso clínico depende, principalmente, do tratamento de suporte, para evitar complicações, como sepse.

Objetivo: Relatar um caso único de NET atendido em nosso serviço.

Método: Trata-se do relato do caso de um paciente atendido no Hospital Universitário São Francisco na Providência de Deus – HUSF, localizado na cidade de Bragança Paulista - SP.

Relato do Caso: O caso relatado neste trabalho tratou-se de um paciente do sexo masculino, 33 anos, sem comorbidades conhecidas, que apresentou lesões vesiculares eritematosas pruriginosas e dolorosas, inicialmente na região da virilha e membros superiores, com progressão para o tronco e membros inferiores, associadas a febre, hiperemia ocular e conjuntivite. O paciente também apresentava anemia, PCR elevada e hipoalbuminemia, mas com função renal e hepática normais. Sorologias para HIV e sífilis foram realizadas, com resultados positivos. Durante a internação, as lesões pioraram rapidamente, com envolvimento de mucosas, descamação da pele e descolamento epidermal, levantando a suspeita de NET. O paciente foi admitido na UTI devido ao acometimento generalizado, HIV recém-diagnosticado e risco de sepse. O tratamento incluiu isolamento, cuidados intensivos da pele, ciclosporina, penicilina benzatina devido diagnóstico de sífilis e terapia antirretroviral para HIV, levando a uma melhora significativa. Após 11 dias de internação, o paciente recebeu alta hospitalar mantendo seguimento ambulatorial com infectologista e dermatologista.

Conclusão: Este artigo destacou um caso clínico que ilustra a diversidade de cenários em que a NET pode ocorrer, enfatizando a importância do reconhecimento precoce, do tratamento multidisciplinar e do manejo adequado para melhorar as perspectivas dos pacientes, principalmente imunossuprimidos. Além disso,  a conscientização sobre a NET, especialmente em relação a medicamentos específicos, é crucial para garantir uma abordagem eficaz e o acompanhamento dos pacientes, especialmente aqueles com condições de saúde subjacentes.

https://doi.org/10.37497/JMRReview.v2i1.40
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